Published November 3, 2026 | Version 1.1.0

Manganese paleogeography: a global deep-time manganese deposit database and its paleogeographic reconstruction

  • 1. EarthByte Group, School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
  • 2. NAWI Graz Geocenter, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Graz, Austria
  • 3. SKLab-DeepMinE, MOEKLab-OBCE, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, China
  • 4. Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des Sciences de la Terre Paris, ISTeP, Paris, France
  • 5. Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC, USA

Description

A global, georeferenced database of 140 dated manganese ore deposits and 4,264 manganese mineral occurrences, reconstructed through deep time (0-1.8 Ga in the Cao et al. 2024 plate model; >1.8 Ga paleolatitudes from the Global Paleomagnetic Database, Pisarevsky et al. 2022), together with all analysis and figure-generation code. Includes the continental-availability and continental-arc availability null tests, the paleomagnetic pole selection, depositional-age ranges for all 140 deposits, and the assembly-versus-dispersal test of the supercontinent cycle (exact binomial test with age-uncertainty sensitivity) used in the accompanying manuscript. Raw third-party source data (the Maynard 2010 supplement, GPMDB, USGS Professional Paper 1802) are not redistributed here.

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