Modern Concepts and Quantum Technology for Geodesy

Using novel methods based on quantum technology and general relativity provides a major benefit for satellite geodesy, gravimetric Earth observation and reference systems. It greatly supports the GGOS (Global Geodetic Observing System) goals in a unique way. These concepts include the application of atom interferometry for realizing quantum gravimetry/gradiometry, the enhanced use of laser interferometry for inter-satellite tracking and accelerometry at future gravity field missions, and relativistic geodesy with clocks for the determination of gravity potential differences via gravitational redshift measurements. Upcoming installations on the Moon, such as laser reflectors, microwave transponders or clocks, enable new ways for the realization of reference systems, navigation and studying the Earth-Moon dynamics.

In close collaboration between physics and geodesy, the high potential of quantum technology and novel measurement concepts for various innovative applications in geodesy and geosciences is studied within major research programs like the IAG project “Novel Sensors and Quantum Technology for Geodesy (QuGe)”.

We briefly illustrate those novel techniques and the beneficial application of the new methods for geodetic Earth observation in space and on ground such as the direct determination of physical heights and the monitoring of mass variations using clock networks or gravimeters. Realizing and exploiting these innovative methods is key to quantify climate change processes with largely increased performance, and to establish enhanced reference systems for a multitude of applications.